Intravenous insertion is an aseptic procedure in which the nurse inserts a cannula into a peripheral vein to provide venous access for various purposes.
Aims
· Obtain blood samples for laboratory investigations
· Administer fluids, medication, blood products
· Provide access for parenteral nutrition
· Provide access for dialysis
· Provide access for investigative procedures e.g. Angiography
Requirements
· Intravenous cannula (appropriate size)
· Tourniquet
· Adhesive tape
· Methylated spirit
· Cotton wool swabs
· Sterile glove
· 5ml or 10ml syringe filled with normal saline
· Arm-board or splint
· Anaesthetic cream
· Sharps container
Steps
1. Establish rapport (refer steps)
2. Explain procedure to child or caregiver/family (refer steps)
3. Allow caregiver to take a decision of either staying or leaving the resuscitation area
4. Perform hand hygiene
5. Assess child’s extremities in selecting a vein
6. Select site based on patient’s diagnosis, dominant hand use and purpose of intravenous insertion
7. Provide privacy
8. Disinfect and set tray for the procedure
9. Use a developmentally appropriate approach and position child with caregiver’s assistance
10. Wear examination gloves
11. Clean with alcohol swab and apply the local anaesthetic cream to the site
12. Apply tourniquet and stabilize vein
13. Insert cannula and wait for flashback of blood before advancing
14. Remove tourniquet and apply adhesive tape to cannula
15. Flush cannula with 2ml of 0.9% normal saline
16. Immobilize limb with splint if appropriate
17. Dispose off, decontaminate and clean used items
18. Appreciate child, caregiver/family for their cooperation
19. Document findings in nurses note
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