This is the process of giving medication to a child with the aid of age appropriate size needle and syringe through the subcutaneous tissue (the layer between the dermis and epidermis) for therapeutic purposes.
Aims
· Achieve slower absorption of medication
· Treat disease condition
· Restore health e.g. administration of erythropoietin, heparin and hormones
Requirements
a. Set up a tray with the following items
· Correct medication
· Syringes and needles (appropriate sizes)
· Alcohol swab/cotton swabs and methylated spirit
· Gallipot
· Receiver
· Plaster/adhesive skin tape
b. Pen
c. Paper/electronic health chart
d. Medication charts
e. Observation chart/adverse drug reaction chart
f. Safety sharp box
g. Sterile water
Steps
1. Receive child/caregiver into a comfortable seat
2. Perform five (5) moments of hand hygiene as and when necessary
3. Introduce self to child/caregiver
4. Establish rapport (refer steps)
5. Explain procedure to child/caregiver (refer steps)
6. Incorporate developmentally appropriate strategies in dealing with the child 7. Verify the medication order with the child’s medical records
7. Ask child/caregiver about medication/allergy history and intervene as necessary
8. Provide privacy
9. Observe the Rights of Medication administration
· Right medication
· Right dose
· Right patient/client
· Right time
· Right route
· Right reason
· Right of child/caregiver to refuse medication
· Right documentation
10. Provide age-appropriate diversional therapy
11. Check the accuracy of the dose to be given to child
12. Reconstitute medication if required
13. Do not mix different medications in one syringe
14. Use the right size of syringe and needle to draw up the medication into the syringe; keep charged
15. Change needle for the subcutaneous injection
16. Assist child to assume the right position with caregiver support
17. Evaluate the child’s subcutaneous tissue and choose the most appropriate site (deltoid, anterior aspect of thigh, ventro-gluteal and dorso-gluteal)
18. Support the child to stay calm and expose the body part/site to be injected
19. Clean the site with alcohol swab or sterile water allow to dry
20. Insert the needle at the chosen site gently at 45-900 to the pinched-up skin
21. Withdraw the needle and apply gentle pressure over the site with a cotton ball and keep in place for few minutes
22. Do not recap needle, dispose into needle and syringe into sharp box/container
23. Provide non pharmacological pain management to child
24. Observe for mild and adverse reaction of medication and intervene accordingly
25. Tape the skin with adhesive if necessary
26. Dispose off needle and syringe into sharp box/container
27. Discard tray and decontaminate as appropriate
28. Comfort child and express gratitude to child/caregiver for cooperation
29. Provide non pharmacological pain management to child
30. Document procedure
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