This is the process of giving medication to a child with the aid of age appropriate size needle and syringe through the muscle for therapeutic purposes.
Aims
· Facilitate rapid absorption of medication
· Treat disease condition
· Promote wellness (immunizations)
Requirements
a. Set up a tray with the following items:
· Correct medication
· Syringes and needles (appropriate sizes)
· Alcohol swab/cotton swabs and methylated spirit
· Gallipot
· Receiver
· Plaster/adhesive skin tape
· Pen
· Paper/electronic health chart
b. Medication charts
c. Observation chart/adverse drug reaction chart
d. Safety
Steps
1. Receive child/caregiver into a comfortable seat
2. Perform five (5) moments of hand hygiene as and when necessary
3. Introduce self to child/caregiver
4. Establish rapport (refer steps)
5. Provide privacy
6. Explain procedure to child/caregiver (refer steps)
7. Incorporate developmentally appropriate strategies in dealing with the child
8. Ask child/caregiver about medication/allergy history and intervene as necessary
9. Verify the medication order with the child’s medical records
10. Observe the Rights of Medication administration
· Right medication
· Right dose
· Right patient/client
· Right time
· Right route
· Right reason
· Right of child/caregiver to refuse medication
· Right documentation
11. Provide age-appropriate diversional therapy
12. Check the accuracy of the dose to be given to child
13. Reconstitute medication if required
14. Do not mix different medications in one syringe
15. Use the right size of syringe and needle to draw up the medication into the syringe; keep charged
16. Change needle for the IM injection
17. Assist child to assume the right position with caregiver support
18. Evaluate the child’s muscle mass and choose the most appropriate site (deltoid, ventro-gluteal or dorso-gluteal)
19. Support the child to stay calm and expose the body part/site to be injected
20. Cleanse the site with alcohol swab and allow to dry
21. Insert the needle at the chosen site gently at 900 angle to the skin – Use Z-tract method if oil or iron medications are given
22. Aspirate to check for blood; if present remove needle and choose a different site then repeat process to ensure the needle is in the muscle, then Inject medication into the right site
23. Withdraw the needle and apply gentle pressure over the site with a cotton ball and keep in place for few minutes
24. Do not recap needle, dispose into needle and syringe into sharp box/container
25. Provide non pharmacological pain management to child
26. Observe for mild and adverse reaction of medication and intervene accordingly
27. Tape the skin with adhesive if necessary
28. Dispose off needle and syringe into sharp box/container
29. Discard tray and decontaminate as appropriate
30. Comfort child and express gratitude to child/caregiver for cooperation
31. Provide non pharmacological pain management to child
32. Document procedure
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