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Contents [ hide ] Introduction Actually, what you are experiencing is a normal physiological process that begins once a girl reaches puberty. The first menstruation in a woman’s life is referred to as menarche , this could happen between the ages of 10 to 15 with most (the average) girls having theirs around age 12. It involves bleeding from the uterus at regular intervals. The end of menstruation is termed menopause , this usually happens between the ages of 45 to 55. Menstruation is therefore defined as the cyclical or monthly flow of blood and shedding of endometrium including mucus, some enzymes and unfertilized ovum. So, what really happens? Well in simple terms, it all begins with changes in hormones in the body. You can think of hormones as messengers that are sent by some organs of your body to tell other cells to do something. In this particular case, an organ called hypothalamus which is found in your brain begins the process. [Fast forward] The ovaries release f...
Diseases of the Genitourinary System PowerPoint Presentation
Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
- State 5 general signs and symptoms of diseases of the urinary system
- mention 4 general diagnostic measures of diseases of the urinary system
- Describe the pathophysiology of Acute Glomerulonephritis
- Outline 4 diagnostic measures of glomerulonephritis
- State 8 clinical manifestations of GN
- Describe 4 nursing management practices of GN
General Signs and Symptoms of Renal Disorder
- Frequency - frequent voiding
- Urgency - strong desire to void
- Dysuria - painful or difficult voiding
- Hesitancy - Delay, difficulty in initiating voiding
- Nocturia - Excessive urination at night
- Incontinence - involuntary loss of urine
- Enuresis – involuntary voiding during sleep
- Stress incontinence - Involuntary urination with increased pressure (sneezing or coughing)
- Polyuria - a volume of urine in excess of the normal (over 2000mls in 24hrs)
- Oliguria - Urine output less than 400mls in 24hrs
- Anuria - Urine output less than 100ml in 24hrs
- Haematuria - Red blood cells in the urine
- Proteinuria - abnormal amounts of protein in the urine
- Retention of urine - Inability to urinate even though bladder contains excessive amount of urine
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